Current Affairs 22.09.25

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ONE LINER CURRENT AFFAIRS

National

  1. GST 2.0 launched with two-slab structure to simplify compliance and widen base.
  2. Income tax exemption threshold raised to ₹12 lakh, boosting middle-class savings.
  3. UGC announced Academic Credit Transfer to enable mobility across state/central universities.
  4. Karnataka caste survey covered 2 crore households; final list had 887 OBCs, 101 SCs, 50 STs.
  5. National Commission for Women reported lapses in hospital safety (Purba Medinipur sexual abuse case).
  6. Uttarakhand exam paper leak in Subordinate Services Commission raised concerns about governance.
  7. NCW urged strict enforcement of workplace harassment rules.
  8. J&K governance highlighted as dual structure (Lt. Governor controls law & order).
  9. NCRB flagged cyber fraud as India’s fastest-growing crime, prompting new digital security measures.
  10. Delhi NCR dengue outbreak revealed weaknesses in urban health systems.

International Relations

  1. U.K. and European nations recognised Palestine, giving momentum to the two-state solution.
  2. U.S. clarified H-1B visa fee – one-time $100,000 for new applicants only, easing fears of recurring burden.
  3. Saudi–Pakistan defence pact raised questions on nuclear umbrella extension.
  4. India pledged cooperation with U.S. on curbing precursor chemicals for fentanyl.
  5. WTO’s World Trade Report highlighted AI’s potential to increase global trade by 34% by 2040.
  6. India–EU resumed talks on digital trade and data localisation standards.
  7. India–FAO launched Blue Ports Initiative for sustainable maritime infrastructure.
  8. India sent humanitarian aid to Sudan after devastating floods.
  9. India invited to Russia’s Arctic LNG-2 project, linking energy with strategic security.
  10. Quad expanded cyber working group to counter AI-enabled disinformation.

Environment

  1. NGT flagged untreated leachate discharge at Bandhwari landfill (Gurugram), polluting forests and groundwater.
  2. Delhi to pilot “smog-eating roads” using photocatalytic coatings to reduce NO₂ and hydrocarbons.
  3. Chamoli flash floods in Uttarakhand showed vulnerability to GLOFs.
  4. Sedimentation in Bhakra and Hirakud dams reduced storage and increased flood risks.
  5. UNEP warned India’s urban solid waste would double by 2035 without reforms.
  6. EV battery efficiency ratings introduced by Bureau of Energy Efficiency.
  7. Wetland Rules 2025 tightened to curb encroachment by urban projects.
  8. Periyar Tiger Reserve highlighted as fragile biodiversity hotspot.
  9. Stubble burning forecast to worsen NCR winter smog season.
  10. Climate resilience measures emphasised for Himalayan roads and dams.

Science & Technology

  1. Semiconductor Mission: 10 chip facilities approved in 6 states, ₹76,000 crore outlay.
  2. Deloitte projected 1 million global chip designer shortage by 2030; India has 20% of talent.
  3. ISRO tested high-altitude landing of Reusable Launch Vehicle.
  4. DRDO unveiled prototype directed-energy weapon.
  5. IIT-M developed AI-based chip design framework.
  6. “Aquamonitrix” water quality monitor introduced for ion testing.
  7. IITs launched 6G testbeds, pushing early adoption.
  8. AI flood forecasting system piloted in Assam.
  9. National Digital Health Mission expanded records to rural PHCs.
  10. India–U.S. announced joint quantum computing research projects.

Governance

  1. GST 2.0 reform aimed to reduce tax litigation and simplify slab structure.
  2. EC began Special Intensive Revision of electoral rolls with Aadhaar integration.
  3. Dam Safety Act 2021 seen as under-implemented; no decommissioning policy yet.
  4. Supreme Court flagged misuse of preventive detention laws.
  5. NCW hospital safety inspection exposed gaps in institutional monitoring.
  6. Workplace harassment redressal pushed through NCW directives.
  7. Exam paper leaks in Uttarakhand exposed governance failure in recruitment transparency.
  8. Drone Bill 2025 under consultation to regulate commercial & security uses.
  9. Digital fraud governance strengthened after NCRB report.
  10. UGC reforms for academic mobility aligned with NEP vision.

Economy

  1. GST 2.0 expected to improve demand and compliance, reduce tax burden.
  2. Income tax relief raised disposable income, boosting consumption.
  3. Semiconductor mission aimed at reducing chip import dependence.
  4. Global innovation index ranked India higher, reflecting R&D growth.
  5. AI projected to add 12–13% to global GDP by 2040 (WTO report).
  6. EV makers gained fresh tax incentives under green push.
  7. FDI in renewable energy hit record $12 billion.
  8. Hydropower output declining due to sedimentation in old dams.
  9. Global slowdown shrank merchandise exports, but services sector stayed resilient.
  10. Critical minerals pact with EU progressed, targeting lithium, cobalt, nickel.

Social

  1. NSS survey found 50% rural & 20% urban households cannot afford two thalis/day.
  2. PDS cereal access equalised, but protein gap persists due to low pulse consumption.
  3. Women’s safety issues flagged in NCW’s hospital inspection.
  4. 498A “cooling period” raised debate on protecting women vs preventing misuse.
  5. Dengue outbreaks revealed gaps in sanitation and health planning.
  6. Caste survey in Karnataka reignited debates on representation and welfare targeting.
  7. Skill certification reforms aimed at boosting youth employability.
  8. Cyber fraud disproportionately impacted elderly and rural users.
  9. Swasth Nari mission integrated reproductive health into local governance.
  10. Flood displacement in Assam and Sudan highlighted social vulnerability.

Defence

  1. MiG-21 fighter aircraft officially phased out; replaced by modern fleet.
  2. India joined U.S.-led Indo-Pacific military drills.
  3. Quad naval exercises held in Bay of Bengal.
  4. DRDO’s directed-energy weapons advanced indigenous defence capability.
  5. CDS reiterated need for Integrated Theatre Commands.
  6. Defence exports crossed ₹20,000 crore in 2025.
  7. Surveillance drones proposed for LAC and maritime zones.
  8. Cyber defence systems upgraded to counter ransomware & disinformation.
  9. Coast Guard summit focused on piracy and marine pollution in Indo-Pacific.
  10. Saudi–Pakistan pact seen as potential strategic challenge in Gulf.

Art & Culture

  1. UNESCO added 7 Indian sites to Tentative World Heritage List.
  2. Odisha temples considered for full UNESCO recognition.
  3. Ajanta caves undergoing 3D mapping for preservation.
  4. Kerala digitised Kathakali archives to protect performing arts.
  5. Purple Fest celebrated differently-abled artists and inclusion.
  6. GI-tag crafts (handlooms, carpets) promoted in cultural expos.
  7. Ramayana Circuit advanced Indo-Nepal cultural diplomacy.
  8. Dhangar folk arts revival in Maharashtra through state support.
  9. Film policy reforms opened India to global productions.
  10. Sarnath highlighted as Buddhist heritage and tourism hub.

Infrastructure

  1. UER-II expressway faced toll disputes; high tolls burdened local communities.
  2. Metro projects sanctioned in Lucknow, Patna, Pune.
  3. Highway construction pace hit 40 km/day.
  4. Smart Cities Mission reached ~80% completion.
  5. Rooftop solar funding scaled with ₹10,000 crore support.
  6. EV charging infra built along Delhi–Mumbai corridor.
  7. Chabahar port expansion discussed with Iran.
  8. Airport upgrades underway at Bhubaneswar and Guwahati.
  9. River linking projects under feasibility study in peninsular India.
  10. Rural 5G infra expansion enhanced digital connectivity.

Geography

  1. Chamoli floods exposed fragile Himalayan geomorphology.
  2. Assam/Bihar floods tied to Brahmaputra and Kosi river shifts.
  3. Glacial Lake Outburst Floods growing threat in Himalayas.
  4. NCR smog cycles linked to Indo-Gangetic inversion layers.
  5. Desertification hotspots identified in Rajasthan and Bundelkhand.
  6. Periyar Tiger Reserve crucial for Western Ghats biodiversity.
  7. Bay of Bengal cyclone belt studied for preparedness.
  8. Arctic LNG project underscored polar geopolitics.
  9. Odisha & Andhra coasts audited for cyclone readiness.
  10. Siliguri Corridor highlighted as strategic chokepoint.

Places in News

  1. Bandhwari landfill (Gurugram) – NGT leachate order.
  2. Chamoli (Uttarakhand) – flash floods.
  3. Sarnath (UP) – Buddhist heritage.
  4. Periyar Tiger Reserve (Kerala) – biodiversity.
  5. Ajanta caves (Maharashtra) – 3D mapping.
  6. Bay of Bengal – Quad drills.
  7. Chabahar (Iran) – port expansion.
  8. Arctic – LNG-2 project.
  9. Bhubaneswar & Guwahati – airport upgrades.
  10. Lucknow, Patna, Pune – metro projects.

History

  1. MiG-21 served India since 1960s, backbone of IAF for decades.
  2. Section 498A IPC added in 1983 amid dowry death crisis.
  3. Damodar Valley Project (1948) modelled on Tennessee Valley Authority.
  4. Bhakra-Nangal & Hirakud (1950s) as “temples of modern India.”
  5. Mullaperiyar Dam dispute rooted in 1886 British-era lease.
  6. Kallanai Dam (2nd century CE) oldest functioning dam.
  7. WTO Essential Medicines List first issued in 1977; India seeks expansion.
  8. Quad evolved from 2004 tsunami relief coordination.
  9. Last caste census in 1931; Karnataka survey revival adds continuity.
  10. Saudi–Pak defence ties trace back to nuclear cooperation since 1970s.

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